Cardiovascular and Pharmacological Nursing Comprehensive Exam – SP2025

Cardiovascular and Pharmacological Nursing Comprehensive Exam – SP2025

Question: 1 of 70 

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PAUSE 

A nurse is assisting in the care of a client in a provider’s office. 

Exhibit 1 

Exhibit 2 

Exhibit 3 

A nurse is caring for the client. Which of the following prescriptions should the nurse anticipate the provider to prescribe

Select all that apply

NursesNotes 

6 months ago: 

Client present today for annual examination. Reports lack of sleep and increased stress due to moving and starting a new job. 

Today, 1400: 

Client presents to office today with reports of fatigue. Client states they have difficulty sleeping without drinking four or five beers a night. Client reports, “I sometimes get headaches along with nausea and vomiting. I have been busy with my new job, so I have been eating a lot of fast food, and I’ve gained 15 pounds.” 

Today, 1445: 

Provider notified of laboratory results. 

Administer a diuretic. 

Keep daily fat intake to less than 35%. 

Limit foods high in potassium. 

Administer an antibiotic. 

Place on 2,300 mg sodium diet. 

Limit alcohol intake to 2 drinks per day. 

Jester Corporation’s most recent income statement appears below: 

Income Statement 

Sales (all on account) 

$270,000 

Cost of goods sold 

155,000 

Gross margin 

115,000 

Selling and administrative expense 

47,000 

Net operating income 

68,000 

Interest expense 

17,000 

Net income before taxes 

51,000 

Income taxes (30%) 

15,300 

$ 35,700 

Com 

Net income 

The beginning balance of total assets was $210,000 and the ending balance was $207,000. The return on total assets is closest to: 

Natcher Corporation’s accounts receivable at the end of Year 2 was $150,000 and its accounts receivable at the end of Year 1 was $157,000. The company’s inventory at the end of Year 2 was $153,000 and its inventory at the end of Year 1 was $145,000. Sales, all on account, amounted to $1,406,000 in Year 2. Cost of goods sold amounted to $824,000 in Year 2. The company’s operating cycle for Year 2 is closest 

to: 

Note: Round your intermediate calculations to 1 decimal place

Deacon Corporation has provided the following financial data from its balance sheet and income statement: 

Total assets 

Total liabilities 

Total stockholders’ equity 

Net operating income (income before interest and taxes) Interest expense 

The company’s times interest earned ratio for Year 2 is closest to: 

Year

$ 1,212,000 $ 472,000 $740,000 

$ 68,448 $ 22,000 

Year 1 

$ 1,176,000 

$ 469,000 

$ 707,000 

The ratio of total cash, marketable securities, and accounts receivable to current liabilities is: 

Multiple Choice 

working capital. 

the current ratio. 

О 

the acid-test ratio. 

the debt-to-equity ratio. 

If the net present value of a project is zero based on a discount rate of 16%, then the internal rate of return is: 

Multiple Choice 

less than 16%. 

О 

equal to 16%. 

cannot be determined from this data. 

О 

greater than 16%. 

Joetz Corporation has gathered the following data on a proposed investment project (Ignore income taxes.): 

Investment required in equipment 

Annual cash inflows 

Salvage value of equipment 

Life of the investment 

Required rate of return 

$ 40,000 $ 10,000 

$ 0 

15 years 10% 

The company uses straight-line depreciation on all equipment. Assume cash flows occur uniformly throughout a year except for the initial investment. 

The simple rate of return for the investment (rounded to the nearest tenth of a percent) is: 

The management of Leitheiser Corporation is considering a project that would require an initial investment of $46,000. No other cash outflows would be required. The present value of the cash inflows would be $63,830. The profitability index of the project is closest to (Ignore income taxes.): 

The management of Lanzilotta Corporation is considering a project that would require an investment of $275,000 and would last for 6 years. The annual net operating income from the project would be $113,000, which includes depreciation of $18,000. The scrap value of the project’s assets at the end of the project would be $17,500. The cash inflows occur evenly throughout the year. The payback period of the project is closest to (Ignore income taxes.): 

Note: Round your answer to 1 decimal place

Accepting a special order will improve overall net operating income if the revenue from the special order exceeds: 

Multiple Choice 

the sunk costs associated with the order. 

the variable costs associated with the order. 

the incremental costs associated with the order. 

the contribution margin on the order. 

Multiple Choice 

contribution margin 

O gross margin 

O selling price 

O contribution margin per unit of the constrained resource 

United Industries manufactures a number of products at its highly automated factory. The products are very popular, with demand far exceeding the factory’s capacity. To maximize profit, management should rank products based on their: 

The SP Corporation makes 47,000 motors to be used in the production of its sewing machines. The average cost per motor at this level of activity is: 

Direct materials 

Direct labor 

Variable manufacturing overhead 

Fixed manufacturing overhead 

$10.60 

$9.60 

$ 4.00 $ 4.95 

An outside supplier recently began producing a comparable motor that could be used in the sewing machine. The price offered to SP Corporation for this motor is $27.25. If SP Corporation decides not to make the motors, there would be no other use for the production facilities and none of the fixed manufacturing overhead cost could be avoided. Direct labor is a variable cost in this company. The annual financial advantage (disadvantage) for the company as a result of making the motors rather than buying them from the outside supplier would be: 

Which of the following costs are always irrelevant in decision making? 

Multiple Choice 

sunk costs 

fixed costs 

О 

avoidable costs 

opportunity costs 

Which of the following statements is true? 

1. Comparing a static planning budget to actual costs is not a good way to assess whether variable costs are under control. 

2. The main difference between a flexible budget and a static budget is that the static budget is not adjusted for changes in the level of 

activity. 

Multiple Choice 

Both statements are true. 

Neither statement is true. 

Only statement 1 is true. 

Bulluck Corporation makes a product with the following standard costs: 

Direct materials 

Direct labor 

Variable overhead 

Standard Quantity or Hours 

Standard Price or Rate 

5.5 grams 

$3.00 per gram 

0.6 hours 

$31.00 per hour 

0.6 hours 

$4.00 per hour 

The company reported the following results concerning this product in July. 

Actual output 

Raw materials used in production 

Actual direct labor-hours 

Purchases of raw materials 

Actual price of raw materials purchased 

Actual direct labor rate 

Actual variable overhead rate 

5,000 units 13,370 grams 

2,780 hours 

14,100 grams 

$3.20 per gram 

$13.40 per hour 

$4.10 per hour 

The company applies variable overhead based on direct labor-hours. The direct materials purchases variance is computed when the materials are purchased. 

The variable overhead efficiency variance for July is: 

A favorable labor rate variance indicates that 

Multiple Choice 

standard hours exceed actual hours. 

O the standard rate exceeds the actual rate. 

actual hours exceed standard hours. 

the actual rate exceeds the standard rate. 

The following materials standards have been established for a particular product: 

Standard quantity per unit of output Standard price 

5.5 meters 

$ 19.10 per meter 

The following data pertain to operations concerning the product for the last month: 

Actual materials purchased 

Actual cost of materials purchased Actual materials used in production Actual output 

What is the materials price variance for the month? 

9,100 meters 

$ 182,700 

8,600 meters 1,540 units 

The BRS Corporation makes collections on sales according to the following schedule: 

30% in month of sale 

64% in month following sale 

6% in second month following sale 

The following sales have been budgeted: 

Sales 

April May 

$100,000 

$110,000 

June 

$ 100,000 

Budgeted cash collections in June would be: 

Paradise Corporation budgets on an annual basis for its fiscal year. The following beginning and ending inventory levels (in units) are planned for next year. 

Beginning Ending 

Inventory Inventory 

Raw material* 

Finished goods 

47,000 

57,000 

87,000 

57,000 

* Three pounds of raw material are needed to produce each unit of finished product. 

If Paradise Corporation plans to sell 515,000 units during next year, the number of units it would have to manufacture during the year would be: 

Parwin Corporation plans to sell 27,000 units during August. If the company has 10,000 units on hand at the start of the month, and plans to have 11,000 units on hand at the end of the month, how many units must be produced during the month? 

Sparks Corporation has a cash balance of $13,500 on April 1. The company must maintain a minimum cash balance of $11,000. During April, expected cash receipts are $58,000. Cash disbursements during the month are expected to total $67,000. Ignoring interest payments, during April the company will need to borrow: 

Supply costs at Coulthard Corporation’s chain of gyms are listed below: 

Client- 

Visits 

Supply Cost 

March 

11,656 $ 28,412 

April 

11,452 

$ 28,331 

May 

11,984 $ 28,544 

June 

July 

12,900 $ 28,910 

11,716 

$28,436 

August 

September 

October 

November 

11,202 

$28,231 

11,996 

$28,548 

11,687 

$ 28,425 

11,835 

$ 28,484 

Management believes that supply cost is a mixed cost that depends on client-visits. Use the high-low method to estimate the variable and fixed components of this cost. Compute the variable component first. Then compute the fixed component, rounding off to the nearest whole dollar. Those estimates are closest to: 

Note: Round your intermediate calculations to 2 decimal places

Data concerning Follick Corporation’s single product appear below: 

Selling price per unit 

Variable expense per unit 

Fixed expense per month 

$320.00 

$76.80 

$170,240 

The break-even in monthly dollar sales is closest to: 

Note: Round your intermediate calculations to 2 decimal places. 

Schister Systems uses the following data in its Cost-Volume-Profit analyses: 

Sales 

Variable expenses 

Contribution margin 

Fixed expenses 

Total 

$ 395,000 

197,500 

197,500 

119,000 

$ 78,500 

Net operating income 

What is total contribution margin if sales volume increases by 20%? 

Bristo Corporation has sales of 1,600 units at $50 per unit. Variable expenses are 35% of the selling price. If total fixed expenses are $42,000, the degree of operating leverage is: 

Baj Corporation uses a predetermined overhead rate base on machine-hours that it recalculates at the beginning of each year. The company considers all of its manufacturing overhead costs to be fixed and it has provided the following data for the most recent year. 

Estimated total fixed manufacturing overhead from the beginning of 

the year 

Estimated activity level from the beginning of the year 

Actual total fixed manufacturing overhead 

Actual activity level 

The predetermined overhead rate per machine-hour would be closest to: 

$ 534,000 

30,000 machine-hours $487,000 

27,400 machine-hours 

The following accounts are from last year’s books at Sharp Manufacturing: 

Raw Materials 

Work In Process 

Debit 

Credit 

Debit 

Credit 

Balance (a) 

(b) 

156,600 Balance 

e (f) 

520,400 

170,500 

(b) 

133,300 

13,900 

(c) 

170,600 

(e) 

216,500 

Finished Goods 

Manufacturing Overhead 

Debit 

Credit 

Debit 

Credit 

Balance (f) 

0 (g) 

520,400 

47,400 

473,000 (b) (c) 

23,300 (e) 27,300 

216,500 

(d) 

158,600 

7,300 

Cost of Goods Sold 

Debit 

Credit 

(g

473,000 

Sharp uses job-order costing and applies manufacturing overhead to jobs based on direct labor costs. What is the amount of cost of goods manufactured for the year? 

Job 910 was recently completed. The following data have been recorded on its job cost sheet: 

Direct materials 

Direct labor-hours 

Direct labor wage rate Machine-hours 

$ 2,422 

76 labor-hours $15 per labor-hour 

137 machine-hours 

The Corporation applies manufacturing overhead on the basis of machine-hours. The predetermined overhead rate is $16 per machine-hour. The total cost that would be recorded on the job cost sheet for Job 910 would be: 

Multiple Choice 

$30,096 overapplied 

о 

$32,096 underapplied 

$30,096 underapplied 

$32,096 overapplied 

Baka Corporation applies manufacturing overhead on the basis of direct labor-hours. At the beginning of the most recent year, the company based its predetermined overhead rate on total estimated overhead of $240,600 and 5,600 estimated direct labor-hours. Actual manufacturing overhead for the year amounted to $242,600 and actual direct labor-hours were 4,900. 

The overhead for the year was: 

Note: Round your intermediate calculations to 2 decimal places

Which of the following is an example of a period cost in a company that makes clothing? 

Multiple Choice 

O Advertising cost for a new line of clothing. 

Fabric used to produce men’s pants. 

Factory supervisor’s salary. 

Monthly depreciation on production equipment. 

The following cost data pertain to the operations of Quinonez Department Stores, Incorporated, for the month of September. 

Corporate headquarters building lease 

Corporate legal office salaries 

Cosmetics Department sales commissions-Northridge Store 

Store manager’s salary-Northridge Store 

Heating-Northridge Store 

Cosmetics Department cost of sales-Northridge Store 

Central warehouse lease cost 

Store security-Northridge Store 

Cosmetics Department manager’s salary-Northridge Store 

$ 85,400 

$ 5,000 

$ 65,000 

$ 19,600 

$11,500 

$ 32,700 

$ 8,200 

$ 17,600 

$ 4,680 

The Northridge Store is just one of many stores owned and operated by the company. The Cosmetics Department is one of many departments at the Northridge Store. The central warehouse serves all of the company’s stores. 

What is the total amount of the costs listed above that are direct costs of the Cosmetics Department? 

Tirri Corporation has provided the following information: 

Direct materials 

Fixed manufacturing overhead 

Direct labor 

Variable manufacturing overhead 

Sales commissions 

Variable administrative expense 

Fixed selling and administrative expense 

Cost per Unit 

Cost per Period 

$ 7.20 

$ 4.50 

$1.25 

$ 23,800 

$ 1.30 

$ 0.55 

If the selling price is $27.50 per unit, the contribution margin per unit sold is closest to: 

$ 8,200 

Product costs that have become expenses can be found in: 

Multiple Choice 

О 

period costs. 

selling expenses. 

О 

administrative expenses. 

cost of goods sold. 

A nurse is assisting with the care of a client 2 hr postoperative following a cardiac catheterization. Which of the following actions should the nurse take

Keep the client on bed rest for 12 hr. 

Check the client’s distal pulses in both legs. 

Restrict the client’s oral fluids. 

Keep the client overnight. 

The physician orders Gentamycin 50 mg IVPB every 8 hours for a child weighing 40 lbs. The recommended dosage for a child is 6-7mg/kg/24 divided doses every 8 hours. Calculate the daily safe dose range_ 

(round to the tenths place

Question: 63 of 65 

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PAUSE 

The physician orders Gentamycin 50 mg every 8 hours IVPB for a child weighing 40 lbs. The recommended dosage for a child is 6-7mg/kg/24 divided doses every 8 hours. Calculate how many mg/kg/24 is this child receiving?__ 

(round to the nearest tenths place)

The nurse is caring for a patient recovering from a cardiac catheterization. Which actions for site care should the nurse take

Maintain pressure dressing on the site. 

Apply a gauze bandage to the puncture site. 

Apply a Band-Aid to the site. 

Keep the site uncovered. 

Which of the following is an example of an angiotensin II receptor blocker? 

O Lisinopril 

O Valsartan 

Metoprolol 

O Amlodipine 

When teaching a patient who is beginning antilipemic therapy about possible drugfood interactions, the nurse will discuss which food

Licorice 

Grapefruit juice 

Oatmeal 

Dairy products 

A nurse is reinforcing teaching about the prevention of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) with a group of newly licensed nurses. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the teaching

Massage lower extremities daily. 

Limit movement of the lower extremities. 

Check for positive Homans’ sign. 

Place sequential compression devices bilaterally. 

The nurse in the medical unit is reviewing the laboratory test results for a client who has been transferred from the intensive care unit (ICU). The nurse notes that a cardiac troponin I assay was performed while the client was in the ICU. The nurse determines that this test was performed to assist in diagnosing which condition? 

Ventricular tachycardia 

Atrial fibrillation 

Myocardial infarction 

Heart Failure 

A nurse in an outpatient clinic is collecting data from a client who tells the nurse, I have pain in my legs when I begin to walk, but the pain stops when I stop walking.Which of the following conditions should the nurse suspect

An acute obstruction in the vessels of the legs 

Calcium deficiency 

Peripheral vascular problems in both legs 

Diabetes mellitus 

The nurse is collecting data on a patient with an aortic aneurysm. Which manifestation should the nurse expect to find

Paralysis 

Chest pain 

Back Pain 

Ankle edema 

A 3-month-old infant is diagnosed with Tetralogy of Fallot. Which nursing intervention is most appropriate to manage a hypercyanotic spell in this infant? 

Administer a high dose of aspirin. 

Place the infant in a knee-chest position. 

Position the infant in a supine position and elevate the head. 

Encourage the infant to drink more fluids. 

The nurse is auscultating a 56yearold adult client’s apical heart rate before giving digoxin and notes that the heart rate is 48 beats/minute. Which action should the nurse take

Administer the digoxin; the heart rate would be considered normal because of the client’s age. 

Administer half of the prescribed dose to avoid a further decrease in heart rate. 

Withhold the digoxin, and re-evaluate the heart rate in 4 hours. 

Withhold the digoxin, and assess for signs of decreased cardiac output and digoxin toxicity. 

A nurse is contributing to the plan of care for a client who is admitted with a deep vein thrombosis (DVT) of the left leg. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan

Apply ice to the extremity 

Administer vasodilating medications 

Monitor platelet levels 

Restrict oral fluids 

A nurse receives a report on a client who has been diagnosed with an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). Given her knowledge of the condition, the nurse would expect the client to have which underlying disease

Diabetes 

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 

Renal Failure 

Athersclerosis 

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a middleage client about hypertension. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching

Plan to have potassium blood levels checked when taking a thiazide diuretics. 

Limit alcohol consumption to 3 drinks a day when hypertensive. 

Plan to lower sodium intake to 3,000 mg each day. 

Set your goal body weight within 25% of ideal body weight. 

The nurse is caring for a 27yearold woman on the postpartum unit one day following a Csection. To prevent clot formation, the nurse will

position the patient with knees flexed. 

initiate use of fitted thromboembolic disease deterrent (TED) stockings while sleeping. 

implement deep breathing and coughing exercises. 

maintain complete bed rest. 

In fetal circulation, which statement accurately describes the function of the umbilical arteries compared to the umbilical vein? 

The umbilical arteries carry oxygen-rich blood from the placenta to the fetus. 

The umbilical vein transports deoxygenated blood from the fetus to the placenta. 

The umbilical arteries transport deoxygenated blood from the fetus to the placenta. 

The umbilical vein carries deoxygenated blood from the placenta to the fetus. 

The nurse notes in the patient’s medication orders that the patient will be starting anticoagulant therapy. What is the primary goal of anticoagulant therapy

Preventing thrombus formation 

Dilating the vessel around a clot 

Dissolving an existing thrombus 

Stabilizing an existing thrombus 

Which diuretic inhibits sodium chloride and water reabsorption in the ascending loop of Henle and promotes potassium excretion? 

Hydrochlorothiazide 

O Furosemide 

Spironolactone 

Acetazolamide 

A patient is recovering from a cardiac catheterization that was completed through the right femoral site. Which information is most essential for the nurse to collect immediately after the procedure

Left brachial pulse 

Right brachial pulse 

Right pedal pulse 

Left pedal pulse 

A nurse is educating a patient who has been prescribed a calcium channel blocker for hypertension. Which statement by the patient indicates a need for further teaching? 

I will avoid eating grapefruit or drinking grapefruit juice while on this medication. 

I can drink grapefruit juice in the morning, as long as I take my medication in the evening. 

I should continue to monitor my blood pressure regularly while taking this medication. 

I will report any unusual symptoms such as dizziness or swelling to my healthcare provider. 

The nurse is explaining to a patient how ACE inhibitors affect blood pressure. Which statement accurately describes the action of these medications

They promote sodium retention. 

They inhibit vasoconstriction. 

They lower heart rate. 

They increase aldosterone secretion. 

A 72-year-old patient with congestive heart failure is prescribed furosemide (Lasix). Which laboratory value should the nurse monitor closely due to the potential side effect of this medication? 

White blood cell count 

Serum potassium level 

Serum glucose level 

Serum calcium level 

A 79yearold patient is taking a diuretic for treatment of hypertension. This patient is very independent and wants to continue to live at home. The nurse will know that which teaching point is important for this patient

He should take the diuretic with his evening meal. 

If he feels dizzy while on this medication, he needs to stop taking it and take potassium supplements instead. 

He needs to take extra precautions when standing up because of possible orthostatic hypotension and resulting injury from falls. 

He should skip the diuretic dose if he plans to leave the house. 

What is the difference between atherosclerosis and arteriosclerosis? 

Atherosclerosis and arteriosclerosis are the same condition, just different terms for it. 

Atherosclerosis involves the formation of plaque with in arterial walls, while arteriosclerosis is the narrowing and hardening of the vessel lumen. 

Atherosclerosis and arteriosclerosis both involve the hardening of the arteries. 

Atherosclerosis is the narrowing of the vessel lumen, while arteriosclerosis is the thickening of the arterial walls. 

What is the purpose of a beta blocker and which portion of the heart does it primarily work on? 

To increase heart rate and contractility, primarily affecting the beta-2 receptors in the heart 

To decrease heart rate and contractility, primarily affecting the beta-1 receptors in the heart 

To decrease heart rate and contractility, primarily affecting the alpha receptors in the heart 

To increase heart rate and contractility, primarily affecting the beta-3 receptors in the heart 

What structure in fetal circulation transports oxygenated blood from the placenta to the fetus? 

Ductus venosus 

Umbilical vein 

Ductus arteriosus 

Foramen ovale 

The nurse instructs that the 6 Psof arterial disease include: (Select three that apply.) 

Putrefaction 

Pooling 

Pallor 

Paresthesia 

Pain 

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has peripheral vascular disease. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching

“Wear knee length stockings.” 

“Incorporate walking into your daily routine.” 

“Elevate your legs while in bed.” 

“Shop for new shoes during the morning hours.” 

What finding would the nurse expect when measuring blood pressure on all four extremities of a child with coarctation of the aorta

Blood pressure lower in the arms than in the legs 

Blood pressure lower in the legs than in the arms 

Blood pressure higher on the right side 

Blood pressure higher on the left side 

What is the primary purpose of performing an Ankle Brachial Index (ABI) test? 

To determine the presence and severity of peripheral artery disease (PAD). 

To evaluate the severity of a patient’s varicose veins. 

To monitor blood glucose levels in diabetic patients. 

To assess the risk of developing deep vein thrombosis (DVT). 

· 

What is the most appropriate nursing intervention for an infant diagnosed with patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) to prevent complications? 

Perform chest physiotherapy to enhance lung expansion 

Monitor respiratory status closely and administer oxygen as needed 

Encourage frequent feedings to promote weight gain 

Administer diuretics to manage fluid overload 

A nurse is assisting with the care of a client who has developed an irregular heartbeat. When evaluating circulation to the client’s brain, which of the following pulse sites should the nurse use

Femoral 

Carotid 

Popliteal 

Radial 

Which nursing intervention is priority for preventing complications of rheumatic heart disease? 

Encourage the client to have routine dental cleaning. 

Monitor the client’s blood pressure regularly 

Educate the client on the importance of regular exercise 

Administer antibiotics as prescribed and before dental procedures. 

Which of the following is a major teaching point for patients prescribed beta blockers? 

Beta blockers may mask the symptoms of hypoglycemia in diabetic patients. 

Beta blockers should be stopped immediately if the patient experiences fatigue. 

Beta blockers can be used as a quick relief medication for asthma attacks. 

Beta blockers should be taken with grapefruit juice for better absorption. 

A patient on warfarin therapy presents with bruising and nosebleeds. Which laboratory test result would be most indicative of warfarin overdose? 

International Normalized Ratio (INR) of 5.0 

Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (aPTT) of 35 seconds 

Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level of 18 mg/dL 

Platelet count of 150,000 per microliter 

The term heart healthy includes a diet of lean meat, vegetables low sodium and a cholesterol level 

240-259 mg/dL. 

Greater than 260 mg/dL. 

Less than 200 mg/dL. 

200-239 mg/dL. 

A 55-year-old patient with newly diagnosed hypertension is seeking advice on lifestyle changes to manage their condition. Which of the following modifications should the nurse emphasize as having the greatest impact on reducing hypertension? 

Using herbal teas 

Taking vitamin supplements 

Increasing water consumption 

Reducing sodium intake 

A trauma patient arrives in the emergency department via EMS. He is bleeding profusely. A medical alert bracelet indicates that he is on heparin therapy. The nurse will most likely administer which medication that counteracts the action of heparin

Protamine Sulfate 

Warfarin sodium (coumadin) 

Enoxaparin (Lovenox) 

Vitamin K 

Which term is used to describe persistently elevated blood pressure with an unknown cause that accounts for approximately 90% of hypertension 

cases

Primary Hypertension 

Malignant Hypertension 

Accelerated Hypertension 

Secondary Hypertension 

A nurse is assisting with the plan of care for a client who has an intracranial aneurysm. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include

Encourage the client to use an incentive spirometer. 

Show the client how to move himself up in bed. 

Place the client in a private room to decrease stimulation. 

Measure blood pressure, pulse, and respiration ever 4 hr. 

Which of the following medications is classified as a potassium-sparing diuretic? 

O Mannitol 

Spironolactone 

Furosemide 

Hydrochlorothiazide 

What are the goals of treatment for peripheral arterial disease? 

Improve blood flow the arteries and increase the functional status 

Decrease blood flow to the extremities 

Increase prevalence of motor and non-motor complications 

Decrease compliance with the treatment plan 

о 

• 

• 

The nurse explained how to position an infant with tetralogy of Fallot if the infant suddenly becomes cyanotic. Which statement by the father leads the nurse to determine he understood the instructions

“If the baby turns blue, I will put the baby in supine position with his head elevated.” 

“If the baby turns blue, I will lay him down on a firm surface with his head lower than the rest of his body.” 

“If the baby turns blue, I will immediately put the baby upright in an infant seat.” 

“If the baby turns blue, I will hold him against my shoulder with his knees bent up toward his chest.” 

The nurse is preparing a patient for an angiogram. What should be included in data collection for this patient

Ask if the patient is allergic to contrast dyes. 

Ask if the patient is allergic to meat. 

Ask if the patient is allergic to eggs. 

Ask if the patient is allergic to peanuts. 

The nurse is caring for a patient with Raynaud’s disease who is employed as a construction worker, has hypertension, and smokes 1/2 to 1 pack of cigarettes per day. What teaching points should the nurse include in discharge instructions? (Select four correct answers.

Attend a smoking program. 

Slowly become tolerant of cold environments 

Wear gloves during cool weather. 

Wear gloves when handling hot objects at work. 

Insulated socks are advisable when working in cool weather. 

A child develops carditis from rheumatic fever. Which areas of the heart are affected by carditis

Heart muscle and the mitral valve 

Contractility of the ventricles 

Coronary arteries 

Aortic and pulmonic valves 

Heart muscle and the mitral valve 

Contractility of the ventricles 

Coronary arteries 

Aortic and pulmonic valves 

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A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has peripheral vascular disease (PVD). The nurse should recognize that which of the following statements by the client indicates a need for further teaching

“I will use a thermometer to check the temperature of my bath water.” 

“I will wear stockings with elastic tops.” 

“I will not go barefoot.” 

“I will avoid crossing my legs at the knees.” 

What does the nurse explain that a ventricular septal defect will allow

Increased pressure in the left atrium, impeding circulation of oxygenated blood in the circulating volume 

Blood to shunt left to right, causing increased pulmonary flow and no cyanosis 

No shunting because of high pressure in the left ventricle 

Blood to shunt right to left, causing decreased pulmonary flow and cyanosis 

A nurse is reinforcing health screening education with a group of clients. The nurse should recognize that which of the following clients has the greatest risk for hypertension

A client who is African American 

A client who is of Asian ethnicity 

A male client who is 53-years-old 

A female client who is 44-years-old 

The client, who is a 15packyear cigarette smoker has painful fingers and toes and is diagnosed with Buerger’s disease (thromboangiitis obliterans). Which measure to prevent disease progression should be the nurse’s initial focus when teaching the client

Maintain meticulous hygiene 

Avoid exposure to cold temperatures 

Follow a low-staturated fat diet 

Abstain from all tobacco products 

A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results for a male adult client who is at risk for peripheral arterial disease from atherosclerosis. The nurse should identify that which of the following results places the client at risk

LDL 172 mg/dL 

Blood glucose 92 mg/dL 

Triglycerides 130 mg/dL 

HDL 84 mg/dL 

A nurse is caring for a client who develops a pulmonary embolism. Which of the following interventions is the priority for the nurse to take

Initiate cardiac monitoring. 

Begin oxygen therapy. 

Administer IV morphine. 

Start an IV infusion of lactated Ringer’s. 

A client is prescribed niacin for the treatment of high cholesterol. Which of the following adverse effects should the nurse include in the client education? 

Constipation 

Nausea 

Headache 

Flushing 

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is to start subcutaneous heparin. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching

Use a soft bristle toothbrush. 

Easy bruising indicates the medication is effective. 

Inject the medication deep into the thigh muscle. 

Expect stools to become black and tarry. 

While a patient is receiving antilipemic therapy, the nurse knows to monitor the patient closely for the development of which problem

Pulmonary problems 

Neutropenia 

Liver dysfunction 

Vitamin C deficiency 

The nurse is reinforcing teaching for managing the pain of peripheral arterial disease. Which patient statement indicates correct understanding of discharge instructions

I will lie down frequently.” 

“I will sit with my legs down.” 

“I will use a reclining chair.” 

“I will do knee flexion exercises. 

A nurse is giving a presentation to a community group about preventing atherosclerosis. Which of the following should the nurse include as a modifiable risk factor for this disorder? (Select four correct answers.

Obesity 

Smoking 

Hypercholesterolemia 

Hypertension 

Genetic predisposition 

A nurse is reinforcing teaching about a heart healthy diet with a group of clients who have hypertension. Which of the following statements by the clients indicates a need for further teaching

“I can have a cola drink twice a day.” 

“I can eat frozen juice bars for a snack.” 

“I will replace table salt with dried herbs.” 

“Fresh fruits are good to include with meals.” 

A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching with an older adult client who has peripheral artery disease (PAD). Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching

Wear antiembolic stockings during the day. 

Adjust the thermostat so that the environment is warm. 

Rest with the legs above heart level. 

Apply a heating pad a low setting to help relieve leg pain. 

A nurse is contributing to the care plan of a client who is postoperative and has an increased risk for deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan? (Select four correct answers.

Apply elastic compression stockings. 

Encourage fluid intake. 

Measure thighs. 

Encourage frequent leg exercises. 

Massage calves. 

A nurse is reviewing blood pressure classifications with a client who has been newly diagnosed with hypertension. Which of the following should the nurse include as an example of stage 1 hypertension

108/60 mm Hg 

154/96 mm Hg 

128/88 mm Hg 

164/104 mm Hg 

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