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- Sodium-potassium pump mechanics and active transport
- DNA transcription vs. translation, RNA roles, and protein synthesis
- Homeostasis, metabolism, and negative feedback loops
- Respiratory system anatomy: trachea, alveoli, bronchi, diaphragm
- Lymphatic flow and immunity: B cells, antibodies, passive vs. active immunity
- Blood typing, Rh factor, hemostasis, clotting pathways
- Hormonal control: ADH, cortisol, insulin, thyroid/parathyroid hormones
- Tissue types, skin layers, muscle structures, mitosis phases
- Cardiovascular circuits, blood vessels, EKG interpretation, and cardiac valves
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The sodium-potassium (Na+-K) pump transports both sodium and potassium
their concentration gradients in a process called
Multiple Choice
up; active transport
up; cotransport
down; countertransport
up; facilitated transport
down; active transport
DNA never migrates from the nucleus to the cytoplasm to participate directly in protein synthesis.
True or False
True
False
Which of the following is not a function of proteins?
Multiple Choice
O
To catalyze metabolic reactions
To give structural strength to cells and tissues
To produce muscular and other forms of movement
To regulate transport of solutes into and out of cells
To store hereditary information
Table sugar is a disaccharide called
and is made up of the monomer(s).
Multiple Choice
maltose; glucose
sucrose; glucose and fructose
lactose; glucose and galactose
Oglycogen; glucose
glucose; galactose and fructose
In a synthesis reaction, new covalent bonds are formed between smaller molecules to form a larger molecule.
True or False
り
True
False
What type of bond attracts one water molecule to another?
Multiple Choice
An ionic bond
A peptide bond
A hydrogen bond
A covalent bond
A hydrolytic bond
Blood pH is approximately 7.4, which is slightly acidic.
True or False
True
False
12
01:52:41
Molecules composed of two or more atoms are called compounds.
True or False
True
False
Which of the following equations depicts a decomposition reaction?
Multiple Choice
O
AB A+B
A+B-AB
AB+ CD + AC+BD
O
ABA+B
O
A+B AB+C+D
Nucleic acids are
Multiple Choice
O
molecules; monosaccharides
monomers; ATP
O
polymers; nucleotides
O
polymers; CAMP
polymers; DNA
9
Homeostasis and occupying space are both unique characteristics of living things.
01:54:45
True or False
True
False
Which system breaks down food and absorbs nutrients?
Multiple Choice
Digestive system
Urinary system
Reproductive system
Circulatory system
Lymphatic system
The prefix hypo–means.
whereas hyper–means
Multiple Choice
front; back
right; left
inside; outside
O clear; dark
O below; above
as
The right shoulder is
and
to the umbilical region.
Multiple Choice
)
posterior; lateral
inferior, lateral
inferior, medial
superior; medial
superior, lateral
5
Negative feedback is a self-amplifying chain of events that tend to produce rapid change in the body.
8 01:57:06
True or False
True
False
Metabolism is the sum of
Multiple Choice
)
O
inhalation and exhalation
O
growth and differentiation
O
anabolism and catabolism
O
positive and negative feedback
O
responsiveness and movement
29
Place the following structures of the respiratory zone in the order that air would flow into the lungs.
respiratory bronchiole
alveolar duct
00:29:29
alveolus
terminal bronchiole
alveolar sac
Reset
↑
->
↑
>
28
Label the structures of the upper respiratory system.
00:31:37
Laryngopharynx
Trachea
Epiglottis
Oropharynx
Vocal fold
Larynx
Reset
Zoom
27
View the illustration, and drag the labels to their appropriate place.
00:33:44
Right segmental
bronchus
Trachea
Left lobar bronchus
Right main bronchus
Intermediate
bronchus
Left main bronchus
Reset Zoom
26
00:35:06
Multiple Choice
Which structure is highlighted?
Multiple Choice
primary bronchus
Olarynx
O
epiglottis
O
esophagus
pharynx
26
Which structure is highlighted?
& 00:3
00:36:47
25
00:37:25
Which structure is highlighted?
CScience Photo Library/Alamy Stock Photo
Multiple Choice
submucosa of respiratory epithelium
basement membrane of respiratory epithelium
goblet cells of respiratory epithelium
epithelium of respiratory tract
Olamina propria of trachea
Which structure is highlighted?
25
00:38:29
24
©Science Photo Library/Alamy Stock Photo
Group the following features to show whether the features are seen in/on the right lung or left lung. Labels can be used more than once.
00:43:41
superior lobe
2 lobar bronchi
horizontal fissure
3 lobes
oblique fissure
2 lobes
long main bronchi
short main bronchi
Visceral pleura
hilum
euClick to select VISE
✓ (Click to select)
Peyer’s patch
spleen
thymus gland
lymph nodes
alveoli
cardiac notch
3 lobar bronchi
inferior lobe
middle lobe
Right Lung
Left Lung
Select the dropdown in the sentences with the correct lymphatic structure.
1. The (Click to select)
2. The (Click to select)
3. The (Click to select)
trap foreign material of the air we breath and facilitate in identification of antigens by lymphocytes. secretes hormones that promote differentiation, growth and maturation of T-lymphocytes.
is a reservoir for red and white blood cells.
22 Select the following structures in order to describe the flow of lymph from the abdomen, pelvis and lower limbs.
W
00:46:52
Rank the options below.
Thoracic Duct
Left Subclavian Vein
Cisterna Chyli
< Prev
22 of 30
Next >
Place each of the following lymphatic structures in the correct category based on their location.
Labels
Drop Zones← Reset All
Spleen
Abdomen (1/3)
Thorax (2/3)
Tonsils
Cisterna chyli
Thoracic duct
Mediastinal lymph nodes
Thymus
Head or Neck (3/3)
18
00:54:05
Mc Graw Hill
Multiple Choice
What structure is indicated by the highlighting and leader line(s)?
APR photo ©McGraw Hill
< Prev
18 of 30
Next >
illac nodes
cervical nodes
O inguinal nodes
axillary nodes
mediastinal nodes
What structure is indicated by the highlighting and leader line(s)?
APR photo ©McGraw Hill
Identify the following images of cells associated with the immune system.
Labels
Drop Zones ←
Reset All
Macrophage
Group (1/3)
Plasma cell
B Lymphocyte
How many pulmonary veins are there?
Multiple Choice
Three
Two
One
Four
Group (2/3)
Group (3/3)
Left ventricular contraction propels blood through which valve?
Multiple Choice
Pulmonary valve
Right atrioventricular (mitral) valve
Left atrioventricular (bicuspid) valve
Aortic valve
The only arteries in the body that carry oxygen-poor blood are the coronary arteries.
True or False
True
False
Oxygen-poor blood enters which chamber of the heart?
Multiple Choice
O
Left ventricle
Right atrium
Left atrium
Right ventricle
The right atrioventricular valve is also called the
Multiple Choice
bicuspid valve.
tricuspid valve.
left atrioventricular valve.
mitral valve.
Multiple Choice
left common carotid a.
right internal carotid a.
left internal carotid a.
left external carotid a.
right external cartoid a.
留
11
01:03:42
What structure is indicated by the highlighting and leader line(s)?
APR photo ©McGraw Hill
Multiple Choice
left common carotid a.
right internal carotid a.
left internal carotid a.
left external carotid a.
right external cartoid a.
Multiple Choice
left common carotid a.
right internal carotid a.
left internal carotid a.
left external carotid a.
right external cartoid a.
APR
27
What structure is indicated by the highlighting and leader line(s)?
APR photo ©McGraw Hill
Multiple Choice
left atrioventricular valve
O aortic valve
mitral valve
pulmonary valve
right atrioventricular valve
What structure is indicated by the highlighting and leader line(s)?
APR photo ©McGraw Hill
Multiple Choice
thoracic aorta
O
abdominal aorta
O
descending aorta
O
aortic arch
ascending aorta
18
What structure is indicated by the highlighting and leader line(s)?
APR photo ©McGraw Hill
What structure is indicated by the highlighting and leader line(s)?
APR photo ©McGraw Hill
Multiple Choice
thoracic aorta
abdominal aorta
descending aorta
aortic arch
ascending aorta
1)
What structure is indicated by the highlighting and leader line(s)?
APR photo ©McGraw Hill
Multiple Choice
thoracic aorta
abdominal aorta
descending aorta
O
aortic arch
ascending aorta
B
8
What structure is indicated by the highlighting and leader line(s)?
& 01:11:31
APR photo ©McGraw Hill
Multiple Choice
splenic artery
right gonadal artery
abdominal aorta
left renal artery
pancreatic artery
What structure is indicated by the highlighting and leader line(s)?
APR photo ©McGraw Hill
What structure is indicated by the highlighting and leader line(s)?
APR photo ©McGraw Hill
53
What structure is indicated by the highlighting and leader line(s)?
APR photo ©McGraw Hill
What structure is indicated by the highlighting and leader line(s)?
APR photo ©McGraw Hill
Multiple Choice
pulmonary artery
ascending aorta
aortic arch
abdominal aorta
thoracic aorta
D
What structure is indicated by the highlighting and leader line(s)?
APR photo ©McGraw Hill
Multiple Choice
О
gonadal vein
O
inferior vena cava
O
inferior mesenteric vein
O
renal vein
O
common iliac vein
留
4
What structure is indicated by the highlighting and leader line(s)?
01:22:36
:28:31
APR photo ©McGraw Hill
Select the following endocrine organs in order of their location from superior to inferior.
Superior
Inferior
Proctoring Enabled: Lab Exam-3
་་
1
01:29:27
Inferior
Rank the options below.
Suprarenal glands
Pituitary gland
Pancreas
Ovaries
Hypothalamus
Thyroid gland
Pulmonary surfactant is secreted by.
Multiple Choice
mucosal cells
alveolar squamous cells
macrophages
great alveolar cells
goblet cells
Saved
Which of the following is not a function of the respiratory system?
Multiple Choice
It helps control the pH of body fluids.
It promotes the flow of lymph and venous blood.
It allows us to communicate with others.
It assists in the synthesis of vasodilators.
It helps with defecation.
Each hemoglobin molecule can transport up to
oxygen molecules.
Multiple Choice
one
two
three
four
five
C
Which of the following enzymes helps form bicarbonate and hydrogen ions from carbon dioxide and water?
Multiple Choice
Hemoglobin
Carboxyhemoglobin
Carbonic anhydrase
Bisphosphoglycerate
Carbaminoreductase
Mucus plays an important role in cleansing inhaled air. It is produced by
of the respiratory tract.
Multiple Choice
squamous alveolar cells
O
great alveolar cells
O
the pleurae
O
ciliated cells
goblet cells
At the systemic tissues, erythrocytes typically unload oxygen and load carbon dioxide.
True or False
True
False
The grapelike clusters of alveoli are called
Multiple Choice
alveolar sacs
alveolar ducts
respiratory bronchioles
O
alveolar membranes
alveolar capillaries
< Prev
44 of 50
Next >
!
28
Breathing is controlled solely by the medulla oblongata and pons.
True or False
True
False
The maximum amount of air the lungs can contain is known as vital capacity.
True or False
True
False
The principal muscle of pulmonary ventilation is (are) the
Multiple Choice
internal intercostals
external intercostals
Osternocleidomastoid
diaphragm
rectus abdominis
How do neutrophils find bacteria during the early stages of inflammation?
Multiple Choice
Antigen-presenting cells present the bacteria to the neutrophils.
Antibodies on the neutrophils locate the bacteria.
The bacteria stimulate a hormone release that summons neutrophils.
Neutrophils are attracted to chemicals released by bacteria.
Neutrophils follow cytotoxic T cells to the area.
Red bone marrow is the point of origin of all immune cells of the lymphatic system.
True or False
True
False
d bone marrow is the point of origin of all immune cells of the lymphatic
True or False
True
False
Which of the following is an example of natural passive immunity?
Multiple Choice
O
Antibodies passed to a fetus through the umbilical cord
O
Vaccination
O
Antibodies obtained from an injected blood serum
O
Antibodies synthesized in response to chicken pox virus exposure
A tetanus shot
Special lymphatic vessels called lacteals absorb dietary
that are not absorbed by the blood capillaries.
Multiple Choice
O
water
Oglucose
vitamins
O amino acids
о lipids
B
04
Some antibodies against foreign antigens can react to similar self-antigens, causing an autoimmune disease.
True or False
True
False
Antibodies are associated with
immunity.
Multiple Choice
O
cellular
O barrier
nonspecific
humoral
memory T cell
Cellular (cell-mediated) immunity is effective against
Multiple Choice
allergens
O
venoms
cancer cells
extracellular viruses
Otoxins
Before B cells secrete antibodies, they differentiate into
Multiple Choice
O stem cells
antigen-presenting cells
plasma cells
Τι
cells
macrophages
Lymph originates in blood capillaries that pick up tissue fluid.
True or False
True
False
Humoral immunity takes care of intracellular viruses, whereas cellular immunity takes care of extracellular viruses.
If the
True or False
True
False
Multiple Choice
fails to adequately initiate a regular heartbeat, it is often replaced with an artificial pacemaker.
subendocardial conducting network
bicuspid valve
sinoatrial (SA) node
atrioventricular (AV) node
tricuspid valve
If the
Multiple Choice
O
fails to adequately initiate a regular heartbeat, it is often replaced with an artificial pacemaker.
subendocardial conducting network
bicuspid valve
O
sinoatrial (SA) node
O
atrioventricular (AV) node
Which of the following is not a possible circulatory route from the heart?
Multiple Choice
Heart → arteries → capillary bed → veins → heart
Heart → arteries → capillary bed→ vein→ capillary bed → veins → heart
Heart → arteries → capillary bed → vein→ capillary bed→ arteries → heart
Heart → arteries→ arterial anastomosis→ capillary bed→ veins → heart
Heart → arteries → arterial anastomosis → capillary bed → venous anastomosis → veins → heart
Blood in the heart chambers provides most of the myocardiums oxygen and nutrient needs.
True or False
True
False
The systemic circuit contains oxygen-rich blood only.
True or False
Parasympathetic stimulation reduces heart rate.
True
False
True or False
When does atrial systole begin on an EKG?
Multiple Choice
)
Immediately before the P wave
Immediately after the P wave
During the Q wave
During the S-T segment
Immediately after the T wave
True
False
The
is the most superficial layer enclosing the heart.
Multiple Choice
parietal pericardium
visceral pericardium
endocardium
epicardium
myocardium
Which artery supplies 80% of the cerebrum with oxygen-rich blood?
Multiple Choice
Superficial temporal artery
Occipital artery
Internal carotid artery
Anterior cerebral artery
Middle cerebral artery
Which of the following have the thickest tunica media?
Multiple Choice
Small arteries
Small veins
Large arteries
Large veins
Capillaries
The pulmonary circuit is the only route in which arteries carry less oxygen than veins.
True or False
True
False
Hemostasis is the production of formed elements of blood.
True or False
True
False
Lymphocytes secrete antibodies, coordinate action of other immune cells, and serve in immune memory.
True or False
True
False
An individual has type B, Rh-positive blood. The individual has
antigen(s) and can produce anti-
antibody(-ies).
Multiple Choice
A and D; B
OB and D; A
O
B; A and D
A; B and D
D; A and B
You cut your finger with a knife while making dinner. In order to stop the bleeding, coagulation will begin with a vascular spasm and the bleeding will cease with the formation
True or False
6:43
True
False
Erythrocytes function to transport oxygen and
Multiple Choice
O
defend the body against pathogens
initiate blood clotting
regulate erythropoiesis
transport nutrients
transport some carbon dioxide
Most oxygen is transported bound to
Multiple Choice
the plasma membrane of erythrocytes
alpha chains in hemoglobin
beta chains in hemoglobin
delta chains in hemoglobin
heme groups in hemoglobin
Platelet production is called hemostasis.
True or False
True
False
What is the most abundant protein in plasma?
Multiple Choice
Insulin
Creatine
Bilirubin
Albumin
Creatinine
The overall cessation of bleeding is specifically called
Multiple Choice
hematopoiesis
homeostasis
hemostasis
platelet plug formation
coagulation
1:21
Incompatibility of one person’s blood with another results from the action of plasma antibodies against the RBCs’ antigens.
True or False
True
False
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) targets the
Multiple Choice
kidneys
adrenal gland
anterior pituitary
hypothalamus
O
pancreas
32
The hypophyseal portal system connects
Multiple Choice
the anterior pituitary with the hypothalamus
the posterior pituitary with the hypothalamus
the anterior pituitary with the posterior pituitary
the hypothalamus with the thalamus
the pituitary with its target organs
Target organs most often regulate the pituitary gland via
Multiple Choice
negative feedback inhibition
positive feedback inhibition
direct nervous stimulation
Ospinal reflexes
antagonistic regulation
留
What makes a cell responsive to a particular hormone?
Multiple Choice
The chemical properties of the hormone
The presence of a receptor for that particular hormone
The location of the gland that secretes the hormone
The location of the target cells in the body
The site where the hormone is secreted
The adrenal medulla consists of glandular epithelial cells that secrete mainly norepinephrine.
True or False
True
False
A deficiency of insulin receptors would cause low blood sugar.
True or False
True
False
The
secrete(s) a hormone as a response to hypocalcemia.
Multiple Choice
thymus
thyroid gland
parathyroid glands
pineal gland
pituitary gland
Which of the following is a function of cortisol?
Multiple Choice
Inhibits fat digestion
Stimulates protein synthesis
Promotes glycogen synthesis
Stimulates glucose intake by most organs
Promotes breakdown of fat and protein
:41
Epinephrine is a monoamine involved in stress responses.
True or False
True
False
Thyrotropin-releasing hormone targets the
Multiple Choice
thyroid gland
thymus gland
hypothalamus
posterior pituitary gland
anterior pituitary gland
Multiple Choice
facets on the body for articulation with ribs
facets at the end of each transverse process for articula
a downward angled spinous process
What are the distal and proximal portions at each end of a typical long bone called?
Multiple Choice
Diaphyses
Synchondroses
S
Metaphyses
Epiphyses
Synostoses
The cutaneous glands concerned with cooling the body are
Multiple Choice
ceruminous
sebaceous
O eccrine
O apocrine
exothermic
glands.
The youngest keratinocytes are found in the stratum basale.
True or False
り
True
False
The skin carries out the first step in the synthesis of vitamin D.
True or False
True
False
The oil of your scalp is secreted by.
glands associated with the hair follicles.
Multiple Choice
eccrine sweat
apocrine sweat
sebaceous
Oceruminous
mammary
B
What is the deepest layer of the epidermis?
Which cells are not found in the epidermis?
Multiple Choice
Melanocytes
Multiple Choice
Stratum basale
Stratum spinosum
Fibroblasts
Stratum granulosum
Stem cells
Keratinocytes
Stratum lucidum
Stratum corneum
Tactile (Merkel) cells
Hair and nails are composed of collagen.
True or False
Melanin, hemoglobin, and carotene give color to the skin.
True
False
True or False
True
False
3
Which of the following describes skeletal muscle?
1:19
Multiple Choice
Nonstriated and voluntary
Striated and involuntary
Fibrous and contracting
Nonstriated and involuntary
Striated and voluntary
Cells that are flat and tile-shaped are called
cells.
Multiple Choice
り
O
columnar
O
stellate
cuboidal
amorphous
squamous
)
Which of the following features is not common to all connective tissues?
Multiple Choice
Most cells are not in direct contact with each other.
The cells of connective tissue are arranged in layers or sheets.
Extracellular material usually occupies more space than cells.
Protein fibers are usually present in the ground substance.
Most connective tissues are highly vascular.
The replacement of dead or damaged cells by the same cells as before is called
Multiple Choice
O
neoplasia
O
hyperplasia
fibrosis
regeneration
hypertrophy
Which of the following is not one of the primary tissue types?
Multiple Choice
Mesothelium
Epithelial
Connective
Muscular
Nervous
The duct of an exocrine gland leads into the bloodstream rather than onto an epithelial surface.
True or False
True
False
What creates the shape of a person’s external ear?
Multiple Choice
)
:38
Dense regular connective tissue
O
Dense irregular connective tissue
O
Elastic cartilage
Fibrocartilage
Ligaments
All cells in
epithelium reach the basement membrane and only cells that reach the free surface have cilia.
Multiple Choice
stratified cuboidal
simple columnar
pseudostratified columnar
stratified squamous
stratified columnar
Copying genetic information from DNA into RNA is called
Multiple Choice
transcription; translation
translation; transcription
DNA replication; translation
DNA duplication; transcription
DNA translation; RNA transcription
What are the G1, S, and G2 phases collectively called?
Multiple Choice
Interphase
Telophase
तील
Cytokinesis
Prophase
Anaphase
whereas using the information contained in mRNA to make a polypeptide is called
)
Muscle cells contain numerous
to serve their high demand for ATP.
Multiple Choice
O ribosomes
Olysosomes
mitochondria
inclusions
Golgi vesicles
During which mitotic phase do sister chromatids aggregate along the equator of the cell?
Multiple Choice
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Interphase
留
White blood cells engulf bacteria by means of
Multiple Choice
active transport
phagocytosis
Ocotransport
receptor-mediated endocytosis
pinocytosis
Membrane proteins that receive and bind chemical signals from other cells, such as hormones, neurotransmitters, and growth factors, are called
Multiple Choice
receptors
O carriers
enzymes
cell-identity markers
cell-adhesion molecules
Multiple Choice
left ventricle
interventricular septum
right atrium
O
right ventricle
left atrium
9
What structure is indicated by the highlighting and leader line(s)?
00:26:33
Skipped
ADD photo McGraw Hill
Multiple Choice
alveolar duct
small branch of pulmonary artery
alveolus
O alveolar sac
conducting bronchiole
30
Which structure is highlighted?
00:27:56
CMcGraw-Hill Education/Al Telser
留
Which one of the following is not in the correct anatomical position?
2
01:58:52
Multiple Choice
Arms at sides
Standing erect
Face and eyes facing forward
O
Feet flat on the floor
Palms facing posteriorly
Negative feedback loops are
Multiple Choice
homeostatic
not homeostatic
associated with “vicious circles”
self-amplifying cycles
harmful
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